Domain Name Service (DNS) is a very complex subject and we would not be able to adequately cover every aspect in a FAQ below is a simplified outline.
A DNS Server provides 'name resolution service' which means that DNS Servers resolve names into IP addresses. Every computer on the Internet has a unique IP address (a series of four numbers separated by dots). A DNS Server is used to 'resolve' a name into an IP address (or vice versa). This protocol is necessary because humans can remember names easier than they can numbers.
A DNS Server is usually located on the network to which you are attached. If you are using an Internet Service Provider (ISP), your DNS Server is at your ISP. If you are using the network at your college or your office, you probably have a local DNS Server somewhere near you.
When you type 'http://www.telivo.com' into your web Browser, your Browser software sends that domain name to your local DNS Server. Whenever your local DNS Server runs into a domain name it doesn't recognize (something it hasn't looked up yet), it goes to the root DNS Servers to look it up. The root DNS Server will respond with a list of DNS Servers who are in charge of resolving the domain name. Whenever a machine is responsible for a domain name, it's referred to as the 'Authoritative' Server because it is the authority on that domain name. Your local DNS Server then sends another query to those 'Authoritative' DNS Servers, and usually gets an answer telling it what Server holds the information you require.
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